Herpes zoster
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Herpes zoster blisters molaleng le mahetleng
References
Li-shingles, tse bakoang ke ho tsosolosoa ha kokoana ea varicella zoster e ikarabellang bakeng sa khōhō, e ama batho ba ka bang limilione tse 1 selemo le selemo United States, ka kotsi ea bophelo bohle ba 30%. Ba nang le tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e fokolang ba atisa ho ba le li-shingles, ka matšoao a atisang ho qala ka malaise, hlooho e bohloko, le feberu e fokolang, e lateloa ke maikutlo a sa tloaelehang a letlalo matsatsi a seng makae pele ho hlaha ha lekhopho. Lekhopho lena, hangata le hlahang sebakeng se itseng sa 'mele, le tsoela pele ho tloha ho mahlaseli a hlakileng ho ea ho liso tse hlabang ka nako ea beke ho isa matsatsing a leshome. Kalafo ea kapele ka litlhare tse thibelang kokoana-hloko (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) nakong ea lihora tse 72 ka mor'a ho qala ha lekhopho ke ea bohlokoa. Postherpetic neuralgia, complication e tloaelehileng e khetholloang ke bohloko ba nako e telele sebakeng se amehileng, e ama hoo e ka bang mokuli a le mong ho ba bahlano 'me e hloka taolo e tsoelang pele ka meriana e kang gabapentin, pregabalin, kapa li-antidepressants tse itseng, hammoho le li-topical agents tse kang lidocaine kapa capsaicin. Ho entoa khahlanong le kokoana-hloko ea varicella zoster ho buelloa ho batho ba baholo ba lilemo li 50 ho ea holimo ho fokotsa kotsi ea shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster e atisa ho etsahala hangata ho batho ba lilemo li 50 le ho feta, ba nang le tsamaiso ea 'mele ea ho itšireletsa mafung e fokolang, le ba noang meriana ea immunosuppressant. E bakoa ke ho tsosolosoa ha kokoana-hloko ea varicella-zoster, kokoana-hloko e tšoanang e bakang khoho. Matšoao a kang feberu, bohloko le ho hlohlona hangata a etella pele ponahalo ea lekhopho. Bothata bo tloaelehileng haholo ke post-herpetic neuralgia, e leng bohloko bo sa feleng ba methapo ka mor'a hore lekhopho le hlake. Mabaka a kotsi le mathata a amanang le herpes zoster a fapana ho latela lilemo, bophelo bo botle ba 'mele, le nako ea ho qala kalafo. Ho entoa bakeng sa batho ba lilemo li 60 ho ea holimo ho bontšitsoe ho fokotsa haholo ho hlaha ha herpes zoster le post-herpetic neuralgia. Ho qala meriana e thibelang kokoana-hloko le ho kokobetsa bohloko nakong ea lihora tse 72 tsa lekhopho ho ka fokotsa ho teba le mathata a herpes zoster le post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Liteko tsa tleliniki pele ho tumello li bontša hore ente ea live zoster e sebetsa ho pota 50 ho isa ho 70%, ha ente e kopanyang e sebetsa betere, ho tloha ho 90 ho isa ho 97%. Lithutong tsa 'nete tsa lefats'e, li ts'ehetsa liphetho tsa liteko, tse bonts'ang hore ente e phelang e batla e sebetsa ka 46%, athe e kopanyang e ka ba 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Chickenpox, eo hape e bitsoang varicella, e bakoa ke tšoaetso ea pele ea kokoana-hloko, hangata e hlahang bongoaneng kapa bocha. Hang ha khoho e folile, kokoana-hloko e ka lula e sa sebetse (e khutsitse) liseleng tsa methapo ea motho ka lilemo kapa mashome a lilemo, ka mor'a moo e ka 'na ea tsosolosa. Herpes zoster e fella ha kokoana-hloko e robetseng ea varisela e tsosolosoa. Joale kokoana-hloko ena e tsamaea le methapo ea kutlo ho ea fihla pheletsong ea methapo letlalong, e hlahisa marako. Nakong ea ho qhoma ha herpes zoster , ho pepesehela kokoana-hloko ea varicella e fumanoang ho li-blister tsa herpes zoster ho ka baka khoho ho motho ea e-s'o be le khoho.
Mabaka a kotsi bakeng sa ho tsosolosa kokoana-hloko e robetseng e kenyelletsa botsofali, ho fokola ha 'mele oa ho itšireletsa mafung, le ho tšoaroa ke kokoana-hloko pele ho likhoeli tse 18. Varicella zoster virus ha e tšoane le kokoana ea herpes simplex, le hoja bobeli e le ba lelapa le le leng la herpesviruses.
Liente tsa herpes zoster li fokotsa kotsi ea herpes zoster ka 50% ho isa ho 90%. E boetse e fokotsa litekanyetso tsa postherpetic neuralgia, 'me, haeba herpes zoster e etsahala, ho teba ha eona. Haeba herpes zoster e ka hlaha, meriana e thibelang kokoana-hloko e kang aciclovir e ka fokotsa ho teba le nako ea lefu ha e qala nakong ea lihora tse 72 ho tloha ha lekhopho le hlaha.
○ Kalafo
Haeba diso li ntse li ata ka potlako, bona ngaka ea hau kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang bakeng sa phekolo ea antiviral.
Ka bobeli li-antiviral le meriana ea neuralgia lia hlokahala. U lokela ho phomola 'me u khaotse ho noa joala.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin